{"id":4964,"date":"2021-12-19T21:00:51","date_gmt":"2021-12-20T02:00:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.tempestmag.org\/v01_2020\/staging\/?p=4964"},"modified":"2021-12-24T20:34:42","modified_gmt":"2021-12-25T01:34:42","slug":"what-has-become-of-the-rank-and-file-strategy","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tempestmag.org\/test02\/2021\/12\/what-has-become-of-the-rank-and-file-strategy\/","title":{"rendered":"What&#8217;s become of the rank and file strategy?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span class=\"dropcap\">I<\/span>t has been two years since the 2019 Convention of the Democratic Socialists of America (DSA) passed <a href=\"https:\/\/docs.google.com\/document\/d\/1Iymw5L-dpXeFe-ElIHREBHPb-E7ko0OiN4W6nRUz0L0\/\">Resolution 32<\/a>, committing the organization\u2019s Democratic Socialist Labor Commission to \u201cfocus on pursuing the rank and file strategy\u201d (hereinafter RFS). It is unclear how the delegates, or DSA\u2019s membership, perceived that commitment at the time\u2014the resolution only passed by a small margin after a debate that failed to clarify the issues. There was certainly no discussion, for example, of how the development of workplace leaders relates to the advancement of class consciousness\u2014a central purpose of the strategy as it has been pursued historically by socialists. But in any case, it is appropriate now to attempt an assessment of the mandated strategic focus.<\/p>\n<p>One might hope for a clear and candid assessment by the <a href=\"https:\/\/labor.dsausa.org\/\">Democratic Socialist Labor Commission (DSLC)<\/a> itself, but that has not been forthcoming. In fact, the DSLC has neither created \u201cgeneral educational materials\u201d about the labor movement nor published the \u201cmaterials explaining the rank and file strategy and how members can participate\u201d, both of which the resolution required.<\/p>\n<p>No such assessment was presented to the 2021 DSA Convention. The DSLC\u2019s <a href=\"https:\/\/convention2021.dsausa.org\/files\/sites\/23\/2021\/07\/2021-Democratic-Socialist-Labor-Commission-Report.pdf\">convention report<\/a> did mention the RFS and promised a forthcoming pamphlet about it, but did not cite 2019\u2019s Resolution 32 specifically, and any progress (for example) on \u201cjobs programs\u201d in the chapters. How, then, was the existence of the 2019 Resolution reflected at this year\u2019s convention? Delegates did pass <a href=\"https:\/\/docs.google.com\/document\/d\/1zf1PKeKlYXEsP8nSMsb0uHmqyCMinuRw1ofhDVnT6QA\/edit\">Resolution 5<\/a> on labor work (as part of the \u201cconsent agenda\u201d), nominally including some of the constitutive points of the rank and file strategy. Was this a reaffirmation of the strategy?<\/p>\n<p>One of the \u201cresolved\u201d sections read:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>This convention affirms that DSA supports the organized efforts of rank-and-file workers, inside and outside of DSA, to transform their unions into militant and democratic vehicles of and for the multiracial working class at work, in the community, and in the political arena. Socialists in unions should aspire to become activists and eventually leaders in the workplace, including through shop floor organizing, bargaining, contract enforcement and, when possible, contesting for formal leadership. Additionally, DSA supports our members in building worker power on the job by taking initiative to politicize the workplace by going beyond bread-and-butter issues and tying workplace demands to whole community demands and campaigns and building possibilities for experiential solidarity.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>The resolution also stated that networks of labor activists being created by the DSLC \u201cshould support job pipelines where they deem it strategic,\u201d a reference to the 2019 resolution\u2019s mandate to \u201chelp chapters create jobs programs\u201d. The more cautious language (\u201cwhere they deem it strategic\u201d) could reflect a difference in the approach to the drafting of these two resolutions. 2019\u2019s resolution was authored entirely by members of DSA\u2019s Bread and Roses (B&amp;R) Caucus, while this year\u2019s resolution was \u201ccross-caucus\u201d hence the authors also included individuals who have been sharply critical of the suggestion that chapters should urge young members to get \u201crank and file\u201d jobs in unionized \u201cstrategic industries\u201d.<\/p>\n<aside class=\"pullquote\">[T]he DSLC has neither created \u201cgeneral educational materials\u201d about the labor movement nor published the \u201cmaterials explaining the rank and file strategy and how members can participate\u201d, both of which the resolution required.<\/aside>\n<p>Understanding how jobs programs fit into the rank and file strategy is a key part of assessing the strategy in practice. In what follows I won\u2019t attempt an evaluation of DSA\u2019s labor work on a chapter-by-chapter basis. DSA is a highly decentralized organization and its practice can vary widely. Instead, I examine what has been written about labor work by some DSAers with national influence and refer to the practice I am familiar with as a member of the New York City DSA Labor Branch.<\/p>\n<p>It is unlikely that the DSA majority, in 2019, felt strongly committed to the RFS, or even shared a common understanding of its meaning. This is revealed in the debate prior to the 2019 convention in the publications of DSA\u2019s leading caucuses. Ryan Mosgrove, arguing for the superiority of Collective Power Network\u2019s (CPN) Resolution 3 to the B&amp;R resolution, <a href=\"https:\/\/dsaorganizer.org\/2019\/07\/22\/you-cant-have-a-strategy-without-priorities\/\">characterized<\/a> the RFS as consisting of socialists getting jobs in unionized workplaces in order to elect reform leaderships. He quoted B&amp;R member <a href=\"https:\/\/socialistcall.com\/2019\/07\/03\/dsa-organizing-unorganized-labor\/\">Barry Eidlin<\/a>, who had in fact discussed those aspects of the RFS (though Eidlin actually wrote that RFS proponents \u201chave prioritized tactics that include\u201d the ones Mosgrove referred to). Eidlin had already <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jacobinmag.com\/2019\/03\/rank-and-file-strategy-union-organizing\">written<\/a> (in Jacobin) that \u201c\u2026. [taking rank-and-file jobs] describe tactical decisions aimed at achieving a strategic goal, given a specific context. They are not the strategy itself.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Eric Blanc made <a href=\"https:\/\/socialistcall.com\/2019\/07\/24\/dsa-labor-strategy-rank-and-file\/\">similar points<\/a> in responding to Mosgrove in B&amp;R\u2019s publication <em>The Call<\/em>. But the conception that urging socialists to get rank-and-file union jobs was the basis of the RFS &#8211; or its entire content &#8211; had taken hold, and in fact, persists. An<em> In These Times<\/em> <a href=\"https:\/\/inthesetimes.com\/article\/democratic-socialists-rank-and-file-union-jobs\">article<\/a> from March referred to the \u201cschool to union pipeline\u201d being organized by DSA\u2019s youth group Young Democratic Socialists of America (YDSA) as the current incarnation of the rank-and-file strategy advocated in the 1970s by the International Socialists (IS), when organizers were sent into industrial jobs in order to \u201cinspire\u201d their co-workers. The same article quoted Mosgrove as opposing the strategy on the grounds that it is impractical to ask members to \u201cswitch jobs\u201d into shrinking unionized sectors.<\/p>\n<p>In one sense the prevalence of this conception is very strange. DSA members familiar with the phrase \u201crank and file strategy\u201d are generally aware that it stems from a <a href=\"https:\/\/solidarity-us.org\/rankandfilestrategy\/\">pamphlet<\/a> by that name written in 2000 by veteran IS leader and Labor Notes founder Kim Moody (and reprinted by Jacobin in 2018). Mosgrove referred to this pamphlet in his critique of Resolution 32. (He revealed his failure to understand it, however, by stating that a focus on creating a militant minority arose because \u201cmajoritarian politics were totally off the table\u201d in 2000, and that it was, therefore, necessary for members to \u201cstop whatever they were doing to go become a teacher or a nurse\u201d in order to aspire to union leadership.) And B&amp;R member Jane Slaughter, a former ISer, \u201cindustrialized radical\u201d and Labor Notes editor, <a href=\"https:\/\/socialistcall.com\/2019\/05\/03\/workers-have-the-power\/\">responded<\/a> to an article referencing the Moody pamphlet by another DSA member, in part by providing a set of corrections and clarifications.<\/p>\n<p>So whether the question of what sort of job a young socialist should get was the core point in arguing for or against the RFS could have been answered by actually studying the pamphlet.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_4970\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-4970\" style=\"width: 1000px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-4970\" src=\"https:\/\/tempestmag.org\/test02\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/John-Deere.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1000\" height=\"667\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tempestmag.org\/test02\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/John-Deere.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/tempestmag.org\/test02\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/John-Deere-600x400.jpg 600w, https:\/\/tempestmag.org\/test02\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/John-Deere-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/tempestmag.org\/test02\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/John-Deere-768x512.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-4970\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">John Deere workers on strike. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/usdagov\/51614690519\">Photo<\/a> by Lance Cheung.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Moody introduces the RFS by writing:\u00a0 \u201cWe call this the Rank-and-File Strategy because it is based on the very real growth of rank-and-file activity and rebellion that occurs in periods of intensified class struggle.\u201d This is a proposition he argues for in-depth on both theoretical and empirical grounds. If socialists are part of this rank-and-file activity they can \u201cbuild transitional organizations and struggles that help to raise the class-consciousness of activist workers, in order to enlarge the layer of workers in the class who are open to socialist ideas\u201d. Elsewhere in the pamphlet, he writes: \u201cThe notion of a bridge between rudimentary class consciousness or trade union militancy and socialist consciousness is the cornerstone of transitional politics and the Rank-and-File Strategy.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>In an extended historical section, Moody refers to the Trade Union Education League organized by the Communist Party in its earliest (pre-Stalinized) years as \u201cthe first experiment in rank-and-file strategy\u201d, meaning an attempt to introduce transitional organizations and ideas to workers already in struggle. In the early 1920s, it was not necessary for socialists to take industrial jobs in order to create these organizations, for the simple reason that socialists already worked in those jobs. Socialism was not then divorced from working-class activism; nonetheless, a strategy was needed to raise the level of the entire class struggle, and the consciousness of the mass of workers, towards socialism.<\/p>\n<p>Referring to the labor unrest of the early 1970s\u2014one of the periods of intensified class struggle to which Moody applies his analysis\u2014he remarks on the absence of socialists from those struggles (as among the reasons they were not sustained) and does not mention the attempts of his own organization to overcome that absence by getting industrial jobs. He focuses on the organizations of rank-and-filers that arose in several unions during that period (organizations he considers potentially \u201ctransitional\u201d) and briefly points out that in some cases socialists helped maintain, or even initiate (in the case of Teamsters for a Democratic Union) those organizations. But, despite having identified the isolation of socialists from the working class as the main problem for socialism since the 1950s, never once in the entire pamphlet does Moody argue that socialists \u201cshould get union jobs\u201d &#8211; or any type of jobs. Put differently, the \u201crank and file\u201d Moody refers to are not the socialists who are (or may become) rank-and-filers, but the rank and file of the entire working class, particularly its most active members.<\/p>\n<aside class=\"pullquote\">The \u201crank and file\u201d Moody refers to are not the socialists who are (or may become) rank-and-filers, but the rank and file of the entire working class, particularly its most active members.<\/aside>\n<p>This does not mean that he believes socialists can end their isolation without working in rank-and-file jobs, though. It is certainly true that IS members &#8211; Moody among them at one point &#8211; took such jobs in the 1970s in an organized attempt to link the Left and the working-class uprising. I was a member of the IS myself for part of that time and was briefly involved in the \u201cindustrialization\u201d attempt.<\/p>\n<p>So what led to the misconception that \u201cindustrialization\u201d is the heart of the strategy? The history of how it came to dominate the discourse perhaps provides answers. The first widespread discussion of socialists working alongside other rank-and-file workers after DSA\u2019s 2016-2017 growth surge was spurred by the pamphlet \u201cWhy Socialists Should Become Teachers\u201d, published in 2018, after the massive teachers\u2019 strikes of that year, by the DSLC and YDSA. That pamphlet was written by DSA members who were teachers in West Virginia and helped to organize the inspiring strike in that state. Although the pamphlet refers to the RFS pretty much as Moody conceived of it, the part of the strategy that YDSA actually implemented was its \u201cjobs pipeline\u201d aspect, with very little thought to how a national organization can help cohere a \u201cmilitant minority\u201d or create transitional consciousness and organization among workers. (Here it\u2019s worth noting that Moody\u2019s pamphlet does provide some guidance. It concludes with six tasks for socialists in the labor movement, each spelled out with some level of concreteness. This section of the pamphlet deserves to be much more widely known, read, and discussed.)<\/p>\n<p>Without such discussion, it is not surprising that what was noticed most about the 2018 YDSA pamphlet was its title. Right-wing media had a field day arguing that socialists are about to infiltrate our schools and indoctrinate our children.<\/p>\n<p>But it was not just the right-wing whose outrage fueled the perception that DSA intended to enter the workplace to \u201ctake things over\u201d. About the time of the YDSA pamphlet \u2014a full year before the 2019 convention\u2014DSA\u2019s New York City Chapter passed its own <a href=\"https:\/\/docs.google.com\/document\/d\/1bvOx_yKtx8vZ8UYRHJKG-Mhz1isFcbx5Pp22A3Exobo\/edit\">resolution<\/a> on the RFS. The resolution, entitled \u201cEncourage Members to Get Rank and File Jobs\u201d largely concerned itself with identifying local strategic, unionized industries and providing infrastructure to help the Chapter\u2019s branches place members interested in this work into jobs. By the following summer, the Labor Branch leadership had produced a 37-page memo outlining its choices of industries along with detailed descriptions of how to prepare members to work there. This memo &#8211; meant for internal consumption &#8211; was obtained by the news organization <em>Politico<\/em>, which published an article with the inflammatory title <a href=\"https:\/\/www.politico.com\/states\/new-york\/city-hall\/story\/2019\/08\/14\/democratic-socialists-look-to-take-over-new-yorks-powerful-labor-unions-1141206\">Democratic Socialists Look to Take Over New York&#8217;s Powerful Labor Unions<\/a>, additionally &#8211; and inaccurately &#8211; tying New York DSA politicians like Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez and Julia Salazar to the effort. Not surprisingly, local union leaders publicly <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2019\/09\/19\/nyregion\/labor-unions-democratic-socialist.html\">pushed back<\/a>.<\/p>\n<aside class=\"pullquote\">The notion of a bridge between rudimentary class consciousness or trade union militancy and socialist consciousness is the cornerstone of transitional politics and the Rank-and-File Strategy.<\/aside>\n<p>Caught off guard, the Labor Branch and Chapter leaderships found it hard to respond. Rather than attempt to better explain what they were up to, though, even within DSA\u2014the Moody pamphlet is publicly available, after all\u2014the only statement they produced was a <a href=\"https:\/\/medium.com\/@nycdsalabor\/rolling-out-socialist-rank-and-file-work-a-case-study-from-nyc-dsa-b7b9e6bc1bfa\">report<\/a> (July 2019) from the Labor Branch Organizing Committee (OC) to the DSLC consisting primarily of how the target industries were developed and what steps were taken to place DSA members there as workers. There was a final section on \u201cassessment,\u201d but that word seems to have been used to mean simply determining whether a particular effort is worth continuing.<\/p>\n<p>Avoiding a debate in the public press was understandable. The hostile orientation of the <em>Politico<\/em> article and the characterization by the <em>New York Times<\/em> of the strategy being part of an internal Democratic Party debate about \u201cworking within the system versus burning it down\u201d were unlikely to have been overcome by a still-small DSA providing a clearer presentation of the relative roles of the rank-and-file and the union leadership in the fight for socialism. But the Labor Branch OC failed even to bring the episode up among its members and discuss what can be learned from it. Why are unions in need of transformation, and why is the RFS the right way to transform them? Once again, Kim Moody\u2019s pamphlet offers an extended exploration into these questions. He offers both a theoretical and historical analysis of the U.S. union bureaucracy and its relationship to rank-and-file struggles, going back to the 19th century.<\/p>\n<p>DSA, by and large, has ignored this analysis. In New York, it took an effort by the Labor Branch\u2019s Political Education Committee (of which I am a member) to organize a discussion of the RFS. In 2020 we produced a series of presentations and discussions which had to be held separately from branch meetings. While these were reasonably well attended, that was partly because of the presence of DSA members who were not part of the Branch. And not a single member of the OC attended or commented.<\/p>\n<p>It is worth examining the practice of the New York City Labor Branch further. Because of the disproportionate percentage of DSA membership in New York, the one-year head start there in RFS implementation, and the national visibility of that effort, the New York experience can be taken as somewhat representative of how DSA conceives of its labor work nationally.<\/p>\n<p>Early in its RFS work the NYC Labor Branch instituted the practice of \u201cindustry breakout groups\u201d, in which members active in different work situations would meet separately from one another and separately from the NYC Labor Branch as a whole. This did provide an opportunity for socialists active in each industry to communicate among themselves. But there was no guidance from the whole branch regarding what the breakout groups were meant to achieve, no two-way feedback regarding how to set workplace-specific goals consistent with a socialist political strategy, and no discussion of how to measure success.<\/p>\n<p>The branch meetings themselves often consisted of reports (from the breakout groups or elsewhere) of events of concern to the local or national labor movement, with only a few minutes of ensuing discussion and only rarely an attempt to formulate a way the branch could be involved. Beyond those reports, the OC used the meetings to urge members to help one another develop workplace organizing skills, with little discussion of how those skills might advance a socialist strategy.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_4973\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-4973\" style=\"width: 1000px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-4973\" src=\"https:\/\/tempestmag.org\/test02\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/socialists-should-become-teachers-1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1000\" height=\"430\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tempestmag.org\/test02\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/socialists-should-become-teachers-1.png 1000w, https:\/\/tempestmag.org\/test02\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/socialists-should-become-teachers-1-600x258.png 600w, https:\/\/tempestmag.org\/test02\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/socialists-should-become-teachers-1-300x129.png 300w, https:\/\/tempestmag.org\/test02\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/socialists-should-become-teachers-1-768x330.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-4973\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/teachers.dsausa.org\/\">Why Socialists Should Become Teachers<\/a>\u201d pamphlet played a key role in shaping the understanding of the rank and file strategy within DSA.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>There has been some improvement in these practices of late. In 2020, the Branch established a Rank-and-File Committee (RFC) which has been able to take steps towards cross-union work on common issues. As well, strike support by the Branch as a whole has involved an increasing number of members. But the difficulties the RFC has had in its work have not been faced by the Branch in a way that can help with further strategy, and the strike support has been almost entirely in the form of \u201cservicing\u201d picketers (with food and drink) rather than making connections with workers looking for broader social and political understanding.<\/p>\n<p>The NYC Labor Branch\u2019s implementation of the RFS\u2014in its own terms as well as those of the Moody pamphlet\u2014is floundering. Attempts to place increasing numbers of members in strategic sectors have yielded very few results. And in a 2020 &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/docs.google.com\/document\/d\/1WOCGV9tpeZt5VpRNYuyEOta3LXZ4vn1mHtE0e2xI618\/edit\">proposal<\/a>&#8221; to the NYC Chapter\u2019s Citywide Leadership Committee, titled \u201cRe-Establishing the Rank-and-File Strategy as a Strategic Priority\u201d, the OC once again centered the process of placing members into jobs with the objective of building \u201cthe strongest most effective labor movement possible\u201d. The specifically socialist content of the RFS was ignored: \u201cour goal is not to recruit workers ideologically to socialism or to join DSA, although we believe that may happen as a helpful byproduct of our organizing.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>After the 2021 Convention, what can we say about the general consciousness within DSA regarding the RFS? This brings us back to Resolution 5, itself a compromise between the pro- and anti-RFS factions. Does the language of supporting the \u201corganized efforts of rank-and-file workers\u2026to transform their unions into militant and democratic vehicles\u201d and \u201ctying workplace demands to whole community demands and campaigns and building possibilities for experiential solidarity\u201d indicate a clear commitment to the RFS, at least among significant sections of DSA, in anything like the form Moody intended it?<\/p>\n<p>I doubt it. The resolution was not discussed in any public forum within DSA\u2014there were no pre-convention meetings, for example\u2014and once it became part of the \u201cconsent agenda,\u201d that precluded discussion at the convention itself.<\/p>\n<p>And an <a href=\"https:\/\/www.organizingupgrade.com\/no-left-without-the-labor-left\/\">article<\/a> entitled \u201cNo Left without the Labor Left\u201d, by one of the authors of both the 2019 RFS resolution and 2021&#8217;s Resolution 5,\u00a0 evidenced no commitment at all to a RFS. Writing in August 2020 for <em>Organizing Upgrade<\/em>, Jonah Furman, at that time a leading member of the B&amp;R Caucus and former National Labor Organizer for Bernie 2020, argued that \u201cwe need the unions\u201d in order to win electorally. He mentioned worker power on the job but rejected \u201cthe over-broad denunciation of labor bureaucracy\u201d, and did not refer to workers gaining an understanding of their social power from the experience of struggle. He concluded by advocating an organization of members, staffers, and elected leaders (an \u201cinside-outside strategy\u201d) which will, among other things, \u201ceducate\u201d workers on political issues.<\/p>\n<p>All of this can be very disheartening to socialists placing their hopes on (to use Moody\u2019s language) a \u201cbridge between rudimentary class consciousness \u2026. and socialist consciousness\u201d. But among socialist activists, both inside and outside DSA, there are plenty of people inspired by working-class militancy. If we are entering a period of intensified class struggle, it is likely that many of these activists will seize on the promise of the RFS in response to the \u201cvery real growth of rank-and-file activity and rebellion\u201d that we may w<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">ell see.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p><b>Mel Bienenfeld <\/b> traces the evolution of the debates around the rank and file strategy within New York City Democratic Socialists of America and DSA nationally.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":14,"featured_media":4975,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[72,252,80],"class_list":["post-4964","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-article","tag-labor-movement","tag-labor-strategy","tag-rank-and-file-strategy"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/tempestmag.org\/test02\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/DSArankfilenotitle.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tempestmag.org\/test02\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4964","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tempestmag.org\/test02\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tempestmag.org\/test02\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tempestmag.org\/test02\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/14"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tempestmag.org\/test02\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4964"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/tempestmag.org\/test02\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4964\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tempestmag.org\/test02\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4975"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tempestmag.org\/test02\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4964"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tempestmag.org\/test02\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4964"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tempestmag.org\/test02\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4964"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}